Importance of Prayer & Ruling of its Abandonment
Facing the Qiblah & Intention in the Prayer
Etiquettes of Walking to Prayer and its Description
Description of Prayer Continued
Description of Prayer Continued
Description of Prayer Continued
Pillars and Mandatory Acts of Prayer
Two Prostrations of Forgetfulness
Supererogatory (Voluntary) Prayers
Supererogatory (Voluntary) Prayers Continued
Times of Prohibition of (Supererogatory) Prayer
Congregational Prayers & Latecomers
Jumu'ah (Congregational Friday) Prayer
Introduction & Commercial and Selling
Selling of Primary & Secondary Commodities
Cancellation Options in Transactions
Cancellation Options Continued
Debt Transference & Guarantor-ship
Mortgaging & Security Deposits
Partnership & Companies Continued
Reviving Barren Lands & Per-Job Wage
Lost and Found Property & Foundlings
Prize Money & Deposits for Safekeeping
Division and Contempt
[Division of Company at Night among the Co-Wives]
The man must divide his time equally among his wives; 1312 what matters here is the nighttime. 1313 He should give one night for the slave and two for the free woman, even if she is of the People of the Book.
وَعَلىٰ الرَّجُلِ أَنْ يُسَاوِيَ بَيْنَ نِسَائِهِ فِيْ اْلقَسْمِ، وَعِمَادُهُ اللَّيْلُ، فَيَقْسِمُ لِلأَمَةِ لَيْلَةً، وَلِلْحُرَّةِ لَيْلَتَيْنِ، وَإِنْ كَانَتْ كِتَابِيَّةً.
He is not obliged to have sex with them equally. 1314 He is not allowed to give precedence
وَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ الْمُسَاوَاةُ بَيْنَهُنَّ فِيْ اْلوَطْءِ.
1312. The Messenger of Allah (SA) said:
“If a man has two wives and becomes inclined towards one of them, he will come on the Day of Resurrection with one of his sides dropping.” (D – from Abu Hurayrah. al-Albâni:S)
مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ امْرَأَتَانِ فَمَالَ إِلَى إِحْدَاهُمَا جَاءَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَشِقُّهُ مَائِلٌ
1313. Obviously, men who work at night should divide their daytime equally among their wives.
1314. The equal treatment must be strictly observed within the husband’s capacity. Although it is still better to have conjugal relations equally with the co-wives, this is not required because it may be beyond his capacity. The Messenger of Allah (SA) used to say:
“O Allah, this is my division concerning what I control, so do not blame me concerning what You control and I do not.” (D – from ‘Â’ishah. Controversial; Ibn al-Mulaqqin:S)
اللَّهُمَّ هَذَا قَسْمِي فِيمَا أَمْلِكُ فَلاَ تَلُمْنِي فِيمَا تَمْلِكُ وَلاَ أَمْلِكُ
Equality regarding feelings and leanings of the heart is not required because it is not possible. What is meant is the equality mentioned in this verse:
{And you will never be able to be equal [in feeling] between wives, even if you should strive [to do so]. So do not incline completely [toward one] and leave another hanging...} (an-Nisâ’ 4: 129)
وَلَن تَسْتَطِيعُوا أَن تَعْدِلُوا بَيْنَ النِّسَاءِ وَلَوْ حَرَصْتُمْ فَلَا تَمِيلُوا كُلَّ الْمَيْلِ فَتَذَرُوهَا كَالْمُعَلَّقَةِ
to one of them in the division or in travel except through casting lots, because the Prophet (SA) used to cast lots among his women whenever he intended to travel. The one whose arrow was chosen would be the one to go out with him. 1315
وَلَيْسَ لَهُ اْلبَدَاءَةُ فِيْ اْلقَسْمِ بِإِحْدَاهُنَّ، وَلاَ السَّفَرُ بِهَا إِلاَّ بِقُرْعَةٍ، فَإِنَّ النَّبِيَّ كَانَ إِذَا أَرَادَ سَفَرًا، أَقْرَعَ بَيْنَ نِسَائِهِ فَأَيَّتُهُنَّ خَرَجَ سَهْمُهَا، خَرَجَ بِهَا مَعَهُ.
A woman may give her share (of her husband’s company) to one of her co-wives, with her husband’s permission. She may also leave it up to him to appoint it for whom he chooses. This is because Sawdah (RAH) gave her day to ‘Â’ishah, so the Prophet (SA) used to give ‘Â’ishah her own day and also Sawdah’s day. 1316
وَلِلْمَرْأَةِ أَنْ تَهِبَ حَقَّهَا مِنَ اْلقَسْمِ لِبَعْضِ ضَرَائِرِهَا بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا، أو له فيَجْعَلَهُ لِمَن شاء مِنهن، لأن سَوْدَةَ وَهَبَت يَومَهَا لعائشة فكان رسول الله يَقسِم لعائشة يَومَهَا ويَومَ سَودَةَ.
If he weds a virgin, he spends seven days with her, and then he resumes the normal rotation; if he weds a non-virgin, he spends three nights with her. This is because of the statement of Anas (ra), “It is of the Sunnah for one who marries a virgin to spend seven nights with her, and for one who marries a non-virgin to spend three nights with her.” 1317 If the non-virgin wishes for him to spend seven nights with her, he should do that and then make it up to his other wives. This is because when the Prophet (SA) married Umm Salamah, he spent three nights with her and then said to her, “You have no inferior position among your family. If you wish, I will spend three nights all dedicated to you. If you want me to spend seven nights with you, I will do that, but then I will spend seven nights with the rest of my women.” 1318
وَإِذَا عَرَّسَ عَلىٰ بِكْرٍ، أَقَامَ عِنْدَهَا سَبْعًا، ثُمَّ دَارَ، وَإِنْ عَرَّسَ عَلىٰ ثَيِّبٍ أَقَامَ عِنْدَهَا ثَلاَثاً، لِقَوْلِ أَنَسٍ: "مِنَ السُّنَّةِ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ اْلبِكْرَ عَلىٰ الثَّيِّبِ، أَنْ يُقِيْمَ عِنْدَهَا سَبْعًا، وَإِذَا تَزَوَّجَ الثَّيِّبَ عَلىٰ اْلبِكْرِ، أَقَامَ عِنْدَهَا ثَلاَثاً." وَإِنْ أَحَبَّتِ الثَّيِّبُ أَنْ يُقِيْمَ عِنْدَهَا سَبْعًا، فَعَلَ، ثُمَّ قَضَاهُنَّ لِلْبَوَاقِيْ، لأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ لَمَّا تَزَوَّجَ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ، أَقَامَ عِنْدَهَا ثَلاَثاً، ثُمَّ قَالَ "لَيْسَ بِكِ هَوَانٌ عَلىٰ أَهْلِكِ إن شِئْتِ أقمت عندك ثَلاثاً خَالِصَةً لكِ، وإِنْ شِئْتِ سَبَّعْتُ لَكِ، وَإِنْ سَبَّعْتُ لَكِ سَبَّعْتُ لِنِسَائِيْ."
1315. (Ag)
1316. (Ag)
1317. (Ag)
1318. (M)
[Division of Company at Night among the Co-Wives]
Subsection: It is recommended to cover oneself during intercourse 1319 and to say what Ibn ‘Abbâs reported (from the Prophet [SA]), “If one of you says ‘In the name of Allah, O Allah protect us from the devil and protect the progeny you grant to us from him’ when he approaches his wife, and then it is decreed that they have a child, Satan will never harm him or her.” 1320
فَصْلٌ: وَيُسْتَحَبُّ التَّسَتُّرُ عِنْدَ اْلجِمَاعِ، وَأَنْ يَقُوْلَ مَا رَوَاهُ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ الله : "لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ إِذاَ أَتىَ أَهْلَهُ قَالَ: بِسْمِ اللهِ، اللّهُمَّ جَنِّبْنَا الشَّيْطَانَ، وَجَنِّبِ الشَّيْطَانَ مَا رَزَقْتَنَا، فَقُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَلَدٌ، لَمْ يَضُرَّهُ الشَّيْطُانُ أَبَدَا."
1319. (A): Nakedness is disliked during intercourse. (-H, -M, -S): It is permissible.
(A) based his conclusion on a few hadiths, including a famous one in which the Prophet (SA) said:
“When one of you has intercourse with his wife, let him cover and not be naked like donkeys.” (Ṭab.A – from Ibn Mas‘ood. Ba:W)
إِذَا أَتَى أَحَدُكُمْ أَهْلَهُ فَلْيَسْتَتِرْ وَلَا يَتَجَرَّدْ تَجَرُّدَ الْعَيْرَيْنِ
(-H, -M, -S) considered the previous hadith weak; they based their permission on the hadith of Bahz ibn Ḥakeem, from his father, from his grandfather, who said:
{There is no blame upon you if you divorce women you have not touched nor specified for them an obligation…} (al-Baqarah 2: 236)
قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ عَوْرَاتُنَا مَا نَأْتِي مِنْهَا وَمَا نَذَرُ قَال احْفَظْ عَوْرَتَكَ إِلاَّ مِنْ زَوْجَتِكَ أَوْ مَا مَلَكَتْ يَمِينُكَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ كَانَ الْقَوْمُ بَعْضُهُمْ فِي بَعْضٍ قَالَ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ لاَ تُرِيَهَا أَحَدًا فَلاَ تُرِيَنَّهَا قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ أَحَدُنَا خَالِيًا قَال فَاللَّهُ أَحَقُّ أَنْ يُسْتَحْيَى مِنْهُ مِنَ النَّاسِ
1320. (Ag)
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